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Background and purpose:Lung cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and cancer-related mortality worldwide. A variety of driver genes were detected in lung cancer. Studies have shown that different gene mutations of lung cancer were found between different races. Most of Uyghurs live in Xinjiang, accompanied by a high morbidity of lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate the expression of driver genes in Uyghur patients with lung cancer in Xinjiang, China.Methods:This study collected the tissue specimens of 43 Uyghur patients with lung cancer, with a very different method to detectEGFR gene expression. real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RTFQ-PCR) was used to detectK-ras,ALK,ROS1, mutatedBRAF andPIK3CA gene expression. Analysis of the correlation between lung cancer gene mutations in Uyghur and clinical features of patients with lung cancer were performed.Results:Among 43 cases of specimens,EGFR mutation rate was 11.63%, while theEGFR gene mutation rates in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were 26.67% and 4.76%, respectively.EGFR gene mutation was not detected in large cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and small cell lung cancer.EGFR gene mutation rate in patients with adenocarcinoma (26.67%) was signiifcantly higher than that in other types of lung cancer (3.57%). The difference was statistically signiifcant (P=0.024). There were 6 patients withK-ras12/13 heterozygous mutation, and the mutation detection rate was 16.28% (6/43). There were 2 patients withPIK3CA heterozygous mutation, and the mu-tation detection rate was 4.65% (2/43).EGFR andK-ras mutations occurred simultaneously in 1 case. No relationship was found betweenEGFR mutations and age, gender, smoking status, TNM staging, ECOG score among Uyghur lung cancer patients. This study did not ifnd mutation inALK,ROS1 fusion gene andBRAF gene among the 43 specimens. Conclusion:Compared with Asian populations, Xinjiang Uyghur patients with lung cancer have a lower rate ofEGFR mutations and a higher rate ofK-ras mutations, which is similar to the characteristics of European Caucasians.
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RET gene is an important oncogene,which is closely associated with the development of various types of human tumors. The mainly mechanisms of RET gene associated tumor are mutation and over-expression of wild type. Activated RET protein participates in the proliferation,apoptosis,metastasis through some signal pathways and influences the tumorigenesis and development.
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Lung cancer is characterized by high malignancy and the majority of patients are diagnosed at the advanced or late stage.Chemoradiotherapy has insufficient effect on this malignant tumor.At present the immune therapy has become a new choice for lung cancer treatment.Ipilimumab,antibody to programmed death-1 ,immune cells,cytokines,melanoma-associated antigen A3 vaccine,liposomal BLP25,belagen-pumatucel-L and polypeptide vaccine have been proved effective for lung cancer through various clinical trials. Futhermore,most of them have been moved forward to phase Ⅲ clinical trials in order to get more strong evidence to support the immunotherapy incorporated into the multidisciplinary treatment of lung cancer.
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The purpose of this study was to clarify the strains of E .granulosus from sheep of Xiwuqi and people of Xil-inhot in Inner Mongolia region and its genotypes .CO1 and ND1 of mitochondria gene were cloned and sequenced ,and then they were analyzed by MegAlign of DNAStar5 .0 .Results showed that the length of CO1 and ND1 gene of E .granulosus ,which were from sheep of Xiwuqi or people of Xilinhot ,were 936 bp and 895 bp ,respectively .The homology of CO1 gene sequences of E .granulosus strains from Xiwuqi and Xinjiang was 99 .3% ,while the homology of the corresponding gene sequences of E .granulosus from man of Xilinhot City and Xinjiang were 98 .6% .ND1 gene of E .granulosus of sheep from Xiwuqi and hu-man from Xilinhot were identical to ND1 gene of G1 type .All these indicated that the homology of E .granulosus from the two regions were high and the genotype were G1 type ,which provided an important basis for the determination of strains ,and it al-so had a great significance to prevent and control the disease .
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10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.04.012
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Objective To investigate the effects of phosphocreatine on apoptosis following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic rats. Methods Male SD rats weighing 150-170 g were used in this study.Diabetes mellitus was induced by high fat diet and intraperitoneal streptozotocin. Twenty-seven rats in which diabetes mellitus was successfully induced were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 9 each): sham operation group (group S);myocardial I/R group(group I/R )and phosphocreatine group (group PP). Myocardial I/R was induced by 30 min occlusion of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery followed by 2 h reperfusion in I/R and PP groups. In group PP phosphocreatine 1 g/kg was given intraperitoneally 30 min before myocardial I/R. Blood samples were collected at the end of 2 h reperfusion for determination of plasma concentration of calcium troponin T (cTnT). The animals were then sacrificed and iscbemic myocardial specimens were isolated. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in isehemic myocarcdium was determined and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated. Myocardial apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and apoptotic index was calculated. The ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes was examined with electron microscope. Results Myocardial I/R significantly increased plasma cTnT concentration and Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 expression in myocardium and apoptosis index and decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Phosphocreatine significantly attenuated I/R-induced above-mentioned changes and myocardial damage. Conclusion Phosphocreatine can reduce myocardial I/R injury in diabetic mellitus rats by reducing myocardial apoptosis through up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of Bax and Caspase-3 expression.
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Background and purpose:Dendritic cells(DCs) possess specialized feature such as pathogen recognition,antigen capturing and processing machinery,and stimulating naive T lymphocyte to have antitumor ability that allow them to act like professional APCs.This paper is aimed to confirm the impacts on the proliferation and secretion of INF-? of tumor specific CTL and its cytotoxocity induced by DC loaded with different antigen.Methods:After the stimulation of DC loaded with different antigen,the proliferative rate of allolymphocytes was measured by MTT and the cytotoxocity of CTL was evaluated with LDH method.The INF-? secreted by activated T lymphocytes was detected by ELISPOT.Results:The DC loaded with CPP-Id(320%?15%) had significantly induce T lymphocyte proliferating when comparing with the induction by DC loaded with Id(57%?10%)(P
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of lung cancer. Methods The study included 49 patients with non-small cell lung cancer at stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ from January 2005 to June 2006. Lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node resection was performed by using VATS in 22 patients (Thoracoscopic Group) and by using conventional surgery in 27 patients (Conventional Group). The pulmonary functions and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between the two groups. Results In the Thoracoscopic Group, a conversion to thoracotomy (12~15 cm of incision length) was required in 2 patients for treating blood vessels safely. The concentrations of CRP rose to the highest on the first day in both of groups. As compared with the Conventional Group, the CRP levels were significantly lower in the Thoracoscopic Group on the first day (56.1?10.9 mg/L vs 73.8?15.1 mg/L; t=-4.603, P=0.000). At 1 week after operation, the Thoracoscopic Group presented significantly lower minute ventilation volume (MV) (95.6?16.4 L vs 81.9?12.7 L; t=3.296, P=0.002) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV_1%) (51.7?5.7% vs 51.4?6.9%; t=3.105, P=0.003) than the Conventional Group. Conclusions VATS can be routinely adopted in patients with lung cancer at stage I or Ⅱ, with lesion